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N57 Method to Eradicate Coffee Berry Borer

N57 Method to Eradicate Coffee Berry Borer


“First of all, you have to know life of Coffee Berry Borer, then you can defeat it”, said Dr. Sabam Malau in front of hundreds of people in a workshop. "Don't give chance to Coffee Berry Borer, CBB. CBB is black devil. CBB will destroy your live", he added.

The workshop was held by successful collaboration of NSCF-North Sumatra Coffee Forum with Samosir Regency Government. The workshop was financially facilitated by USAID (United States Agency for International Development).
Photo 1: Dr. Sabam Malau, Chairman of North Sumatra Coffee Forum speaking about Coffee Berry Borer

He presented paper titled “CBB Attact and Impact in Samosir Regency”. He explained Coffee Berry Borer (CBB) biology. The origin of CBB is Africa. CBB scientific name is Hypothenemus hampei. CBB is also called Broca and Black Devil. CBB is small black beetle; mature female 1.4-1.8 mm, male 1.2-1.6 mm. Female can fly in short distance, male cannot fly because it has no wing.  CBB enters the coffee fruits, put eggs, and eats bean of coffee. In one year, one female can have 100,000 (a hundred thousand) decendents.
Photo 2. Dr. Sabam Malau on the coffee market at Pangururan, the capital city of Samosir regency. Coffee Price was IDR 20,000 per kg. (Photo taken on 21 September 2011)

He revealed also his research result about CBB attack in Samosir Regency in year 2010. Infected fruit minimum 5.9%, maximum 78.0%, average 29.7%, median 23.8%, modus 31-35%, standard deviation 20.4%. Plant age had a tendency to correlate to number of infected fruit (%): the more age, the higher incidence of infection. The predicted loss due to CBB in the whole Samosir Regency was up to IDR 56,8 billion, and IDR 11,1 million per coffee growers (Note: predicted loss due to CBB in North Sumatra could be IDR 837 billion in year 2010).
 Photo 3. TF Simbolon (NSCF Member) summarizing into Bataknese Language

Dr. Sabam Malau proposed efforts to eradicate CBB. The most effective way to eradicate CBB is to pick all infected fruits as soon as possible and boil or bury it deeply. He proposed N57 Method to eradicate CBB. N means nunut (Bataknese, steady), 5 efforts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 all together) is ENOUGH, and 7  efforts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 all together) is perfect.  If you use N5, then you don't need to use Broca Trap nor Beauveria bassiana. 

If you use only Broca Trap and/or/with Beauveria bassiana, then you will lose. Broca Trap and/or/with Beauveria bassiana alone will not much help. Don't lay the destiny of coffee growers on Broca Trap and/or/with Beauveria bassiana. Don't wait for Broca Trap and/or/with Beauveria bassiana. 


So, now just do N5 Method. N5 Method are: 
  1. PICKING: pick all infected fruits on plants, boil it or bury it into soil 0.5 m deep.
  2. CLEANING: take all dropped fruits, boil it or bury it into soil 0.5 m deep.
  3. SHADING: Reduce shading (as C3 plant, coffee trees absolutely needs shade trees, however not too much shadow; best practice : shade trees allows 30-50% of direct sun light. Read more in this: Good Agricultural Practice in Coffee Field).
  4. PRUNING: Prune the trees of coffee.
  5. FERTILIZING: Use organic fertilizer (20 kg/plant/year; However, organic fertilizer alone is not enough; use also chemical fertilizer with dose 10-30% of recommended dose based on soil/leaves analisys).

N57 Method are: 
  1. PICKING: pick all infected fruits on plants, boil it or bury it into soil 0.5 m deep.
  2. CLEANING: take all dropped fruits, boil it or bury it into soil 0.5 m deep.
  3. SHADING: Reduce shading (as C3 plant, coffee trees absolutely needs shade trees, however not too much shadow; best practice : shade trees allows 30-50% of direct sun light. Read more in this: Good Agricultural Practice in Coffee Field).
  4. PRUNING: Prune the trees of coffee.
  5. FERTILIZING: Use organic fertilizer (20 kg/plant/year; However, organic fertilizer alone is not enough; use also chemical fertilizer with dose 10-30% of recommended dose based on soil/leaves analisys).
  6. TRAPPING: Trap CBB.
  7. SPEADING: Spread Beauveria bassiana.
Photo 4. Some of attendees of the workshop

Dr. Sabam Malau spoke in front of hundreds of attendees of the workshop with theme “Dissemination and Dialogue on the Impact of CBB on Coffee Farm in Samosir Regency” on 22 September 2011 in Hotel Tiga Besar, Pangururan City, the capital city of Samosir Regency. 

Hundreds of people were attending the workshop such as from USAID: Sanath K. Reddy, PhD (Senior Economic Growth at USAID Jakarta), Bharaty (RACA Coordinator), Arman Ginting, Nina, Vera Brahmana, Jasman Purba; from NSCF : Dr. Sabam Malau (Chairman) and TF Simbolon (Member); from Samosir Government : Pasaribu, Jabendeus Banjarnahor, tens of field extension officers; hundreds of coffee growers. 
 Photo 5: Banner of the Workshop.

Kind regards,

Dr. Sabam Malau
NSCF Chairman

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